BACKGROUND

Uganda, an East African country with a population of over 47 million, has a post-independence history marked by violent dictatorship, civil wars, military coups, and both direct and indirect involvement in armed conflicts in neighbouring countries.

In recent decades, a more stable domestic political environment has enabled notable economic growth and a reduction in poverty. Nevertheless, the country remains highly vulnerable to external economic shocks. Persistent poverty, significant unemployment, and low-quality public services are further exacerbated by the arrival of more than one million refugees from neighbouring countries in recent years.